Rubiks Cube Wikipedia. Rubiks Cube is a 3 Dcombination puzzle invented in 1. Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture. Ern Rubik. Originally called the Magic Cube,3 the puzzle was licensed by Rubik to be sold by Ideal Toy Corp. Tibor Laczi and Seven Towns founder Tom Kremer,5 and won the German Game of the Year special award for Best Puzzle that year. As of January 2. 00. No Updates For Cube World' title='No Updates For Cube World' />It is widely considered to be the worlds best selling toy. On a classic Rubiks Cube, each of the six faces is covered by nine stickers, each of one of six solid colours white, red, blue, orange, green, and yellow. In currently sold models, white is opposite yellow, blue is opposite green, and orange is opposite red, and the red, white and blue are arranged in that order in a clockwise arrangement. On early cubes, the position of the colours varied from cube to cube. An internal pivot mechanism enables each face to turn independently, thus mixing up the colours. For the puzzle to be solved, each face must be returned to have only one colour. Similar puzzles have now been produced with various numbers of sides, dimensions, and stickers, not all of them by Rubik. Although the Rubiks Cube reached its height of mainstream popularity in the 1. Many speedcubers continue to practice it and other twisty puzzles and compete for the fastest times in various categories. Since 2. 00. 3, The World Cube Association, the Rubiks Cubes international governing body, has organised competitions worldwide and kept the official world records. Conception and developmenteditPrior attemptsedit. Diagram from Nichols patent showing a cube held together with magnets. In March 1. 97. 0, Larry D. Nichols invented a 222 Puzzle with Pieces Rotatable in Groups and filed a Canadian patent application for it. Nicholss cube was held together with magnets. Nichols was granted U. S. Patent 3,6. 55,2. April 1. 1, 1. 97. Rubik invented his Cube. On April 9, 1. 97. Frank Fox applied to patent his Spherical 333. He received his UK patent 1. January 1. 6, 1. 97. Virtual Electricity Lab Software. Rubiks inventionedit. Packaging of Rubiks Cube, Toy of the year 1. Ideal Toy Corp., made in Hungary. Current colour scheme of a Rubiks Cube. In the mid 1. 97. Ern Rubik worked at the Department of Interior Design at the Academy of Applied Arts and Crafts in Budapest. Although it is widely reported that the Cube was built as a teaching tool to help his students understand 3. No Updates For Cube World' title='No Updates For Cube World' />D objects, his actual purpose was solving the structural problem of moving the parts independently without the entire mechanism falling apart. He did not realise that he had created a puzzle until the first time he scrambled his new Cube and then tried to restore it. Cube is a true behemoth of the cycling industry, with a truly bewildering range of bikes that cater for every single taste and cycling. Shop TUMI for all you need for travel essentials. TUMI has the highest quality travel products on the market. Discover our top selling items today. I found this a very easy way of solving the 3x3 Rubiks Cube and I hope you are able to follow along and solve the cube yourself Algorithms and other. The core concept that Marvels blondhaired, blueeyed living symbol for American patriotism could actually be a sociopathic fascist with a plan to remake the world. Rubik obtained Hungarian patent HU1. Magic Cube in 1. Rubiks Cube was first called the Magic Cube Bvs kocka in Hungary. Ideal wanted at least a recognisable name to trademark of course, that arrangement put Rubik in the spotlight because the Magic Cube was renamed after its inventor in 1. The first test batches of the Magic Cube were produced in late 1. Budapest toy shops. Magic Cube was held together with interlocking plastic pieces that prevented the puzzle being easily pulled apart, unlike the magnets in Nicholss design. With Ern Rubiks permission, businessman Tibor Laczi took a Cube to Germanys Nuremberg Toy Fair in February 1. It was noticed by Seven Towns founder Tom Kremer and they signed a deal with Ideal Toys in September 1. Magic Cube worldwide. The puzzle made its international debut at the toy fairs of London, Paris, Nuremberg and New York in January and February 1. After its international debut, the progress of the Cube towards the toy shop shelves of the West was briefly halted so that it could be manufactured to Western safety and packaging specifications. A lighter Cube was produced, and Ideal decided to rename it. The Gordian Knot and Inca Gold were considered, but the company finally decided on Rubiks Cube, and the first batch was exported from Hungary in May 1. Subsequent historyedit1. Cube crazeeditAfter the first batches of Rubiks Cubes were released in May 1. Ideal began a television advertising campaign in the middle of the year which it supplemented with newspaper adverts. At the end of 1. 98. Rubiks Cube won a German Game of the Year special award,1. UK, France, and the US. By 1. 98. 1 Rubiks Cube had become a craze, and it is estimated that in the period from 1. Rubiks Cubes were sold worldwide. In March 1. 98. 1 the first speedcubing championship organised by the Guinness Book of World Records was held in Munich,1. Rubiks Cube was depicted on the front cover of Scientific American that same month. In June 1. 98. 1 The Washington Post reported that the Rubiks Cube is a puzzle thats moving like fast food right now. Hoola Hoop or Bongo Board,2. September 1. 98. 1 New Scientist noted that the cube had captivated the attention of children of ages from 7 to 7. As most people could only solve one or two sides, numerous books were published including David Singmasters Notes on Rubiks Magic Cube 1. Patrick Bosserts You Can Do the Cube 1. At one stage in 1. US were books on solving the Rubiks Cube,2. James G. Nourses The Simple Solution to Rubiks Cube which sold over 6 million copies. In 1. 98. 1 the Museum of Modern Art in New York exhibited a Rubiks Cube, and at the 1. Worlds Fair in Knoxville, Tennessee a six foot Cube was put on display. ABC Television even developed a cartoon show called Rubik, the Amazing Cube. In June 1. 98. 2 the First Rubiks Cube World Championship took place in Budapest, and would become the only competition recognized as official until the championship was revived in 2. In October 1. 98. The New York Times reported that sales had fallen and that the craze has died,2. However, in some Communist countries, such as China and USSR, the craze had started later and demand was still high because of a shortage of Cubes. Rubiks Cubes continued to be marketed and sold throughout the 1. Cube began increasing again. In the US sales doubled between 2. The Boston Globe remarked that it was becoming cool to own a Cube again. The 2. 00. 3 World Rubiks Games Championship was the first speedcubing tournament since 1. It was held in Toronto and was attended by 8. Secca Art Font on this page. The tournament led to the formation of the World Cube Association in 2. Annual sales of Rubik branded cubes were said to have reached 1. Part of the new appeal was ascribed to the advent of Internet video sites, such as You. Tube, which allowed fans to share their solving strategies. Following the expiration of Rubiks patent in 2. Chinese companies. Many of these Chinese branded cubes have been engineered for speed and are favoured by speedcubers. ImitationseditTaking advantage of an initial shortage of Cubes, many imitations and variations appeared, many of which may have violated one or more patents. Today, the patents have expired and many Chinese companies produce copies of, and in some cases improvements upon, the Rubik and V Cube designs. Patent historyeditNichols assigned his patent to his employer Moleculon Research Corp., which sued Ideal in 1. In 1. 98. 4, Ideal lost the patent infringement suit and appealed. In 1. 98. 6, the appeals court affirmed the judgment that Rubiks 222 Pocket Cube infringed Nicholss patent, but overturned the judgment on Rubiks 333 Cube. FUNcube Dongle A radio thats out of this world Folks,Ive been working on some firmware for the FCD Pro to work around the USB stack limitations of the Raspberry Pi. The workaround reduces the bandwidth of the FCD to work within those conditions there is one version for 4. Hz bandwidth and the other for 9. Hz. The documentation for updating your firmware is here, and the firmware bootloaderupgrade program is here. The firmware for 4. Hz is here, 9. 6k. Hz is here, and the original 1. Hz firmware is here. Take care when using this new firmware Due to the way Windows works, it doesnt fully re enumerate the USB port when you re insert your device, so youll find that your Windows software might get a little confused. In short, the way to resolve this is to shut down any programs using the FCD Pro first, uninstall the FUNcube sound device from the Device Manager control panel applet run devmgmt. FCD Pro, re insert it a few seconds later, and let it re enumerate may take a minute or so depending on your system. Once this is done you can restart your programs. Of course, if you have installed a restricted bandwidth version of the firmware, this will be restricted in Windows too. You can always install the original firmware using the same steps. Why are there two versions Its because there are two features of the Raspberry Pi stack. Warning this will get a bit nerdy. The first problem is that the USB stack has a problem with USB full speed isochronous streams of more than about 7. The USB specification allows for up to 1. FCD Pro, with the default firmware, uses 7. So while the FCD Pro is within the USB specification, its just beyond the Pis capabilities. The second feature of the Pis USB stack is that there is only a single transaction translator TT for USB full speed devices such as the FCD, so all full speed devices have to share this TT. Having a single TT unfortunately is not a unique scenario on USB 2. PCs too. Obscurely, this can be circumvented by putting the FCD Pro on an external USB 2. TT. Theres a whole treatise about this here. So, in short, the 4. Hz version is designed to work on the Pi without an external USB 2. USB full speed devices to share the single available TT. The 9. 6k. Hz version might work on your Pi, depending on what other full speed devices are connected, and should work if the FCD Pro is placed on an external USB 2. TT, or with other full speed devices if the hub is a multi TT hub. Many thanks, Howard.